Grandfather Paradox

The Problem of Time Travel

The grandfather paradox shows that traveling back in time is impossible. French journalist Rene Barjavel, the creator of the grandfather paradox, wrote the novel Le Voyageur Imprudent in 1944. In it, he writes of a man going back in time to kill his own grandfather at a date before his parents were born to illustrate his point.

Rene Barjavel, the creator of the grandfather paradox. Credit: Andersen UIF/SIPA

According to Barjavel, it would be impossible for a man to go back in time and kill his own grandfather because then the man himself, the killer, would not exist to commit the crime. Once his grandfather is dead, he can never father the killer’s mom or dad, who then in turn can never create the killer himself. Thus, time travel is impossible because any change you make to history would have rippling consequences that would change the very fabric of your life as well as human history. In essence, the only way you or I exist right now is because everything in the past happened exactly the way it did. So by going back and changing something, you’re simultaneously preventing yourself from existing.

Artistic depiction of the Grandfather paradox in Back to the Future (1985). Marty travelling back in time prevented his parents from meeting, so his family gets gradually “erased from existence.”

The grandfather paradox has become a mainstay in modern philosophy and physics. Some argue that time travel is indeed possible, because once a man goes back in time, he creates a parallel universe that operates separately from the one he left. Some also argue that even if Barjavel is correct, his point only leads to the conclusion that going back in time is impossible, but that time travel could still be possible into the future.

Quotes

“I have developed a substance which allows me to command time at my discretion.” – Rene Barjavel, Le Voyageur Imprudent

“His older self had taught his younger self a language which the older self knew because the younger self, after being taught, grew up to be the older self and was, therefore, capable of teaching.” – Robert A. Heinlein

“People like us, who believe in physics, know that the distinction between past, present, and future is only a stubbornly persistent illusion.” – Albert Einstein

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